Abstract
This article reviews the main points of the academic debate relative to the relationship between economic inequality and conflicts. After clarifying what is meant with the expression 'economic inequality', I recall how it is measured and report the basic facts on income and wealth inequality within countries, across and between countries and at the global level and provide the possible explanations for them. I then discuss the main question posed by this article, namely the correlation between economic inequality and conflicts. The possible correlation existing between within countries inequality and internal conflicts is also examined, together with the role played by social capital, that can be undermined by economic inequality. Finally, the correlation between cross-country inequality and external (or international) conflicts is analyzed, one of the most relevant of which today is represented by migrations.